Guidelines Development Workshop-Effects of moderate variations in the macronutrient content of the diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese patients with the metabolic syndrome

Effects of moderate variations in the macronutrient content of the diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese patients with the metabolic syndrome

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This study aimed to compare the effects of two different diets on cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese patients with the metabolic syndrome. The two diets compared were a relatively high-carbohydrate diet and a low-carbohydrate, high-protein, and high-monounsaturated fat diet. Results showed that both diets resulted in significant decreases in the components of the metabolic syndrome (except for HDL cholesterol), indicating improvements in cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, the low-carbohydrate diet was associated with a greater decrease in the prevalence of hypertension and hypertriacylglycerolemia compared to the high-carbohydrate diet. The low-carbohydrate diet also resulted in a greater decrease in systolic blood pressure and serum triacylglycerol concentrations, while the high-carbohydrate diet led to a significant decrease in LDL cholesterol concentrations. Overall, the study suggests that customizing diet interventions according to the specific presentation of the metabolic syndrome may be the most effective way of reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors. It also highlights the potential benefits of a low-carbohydrate, high-protein, and high-monounsaturated fat diet in improving outcomes for obese patients with the metabolic syndrome.

Asset Subtitle

Fulvio Muzio, Luca Mondazzi, William S Harris, Domenico Sommariva, and Adriana Branchi

Keywords

cardiovascular disease risk factors

obese patients

metabolic syndrome

high-carbohydrate diet

low-carbohydrate diet

high-protein

high-monounsaturated fat diet

hypertension

systolic blood pressure

LDL cholesterol concentrations