Hello, my name is Inderpreet Madihar. I'm one of the faculty in this program that focuses on role of GLP-1 medications and their role in management of diabetes. This program was developed by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists in collaboration with American Association of Nurse Practitioners. This activity is supported by an educational grant from Nova Nordisk. First of all, I would like to introduce our faculty who helped immensely in development of this program. Debbie Hinnan, she's an advanced practice nurse and certified diabetes care and education specialist at University of Colorado Health in Colorado Springs. Katie Diamond, she's a nurse practitioner and clinical director at Council on Aging of Martin County and a primary care steward in Florida. Dr. Diana Isaacs, she's an endocrine clinical pharmacy specialist, director education and training in diabetes technology, co-director in endocrine disorders in pregnancy and Cleveland Clinic Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute in Cleveland, Ohio. And myself, Inderpreet Madihar, I'm an assistant professor in endocrinology at Corwell Health Lakeland Hospitals in St. Joseph, Michigan. Here are some of the financial disclosures from the faculty. So GLP-1 or glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists, they are usually once a week medications, which not only help in reduction of A1c by 2 to 2.5%, but they also help in reduction of weight by 15 to 21%. Recent studies, they proved that apart from weight loss and glycemic effects, this class of medication is beneficial in patients for reducing primary and secondary atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events, progression of chronic kidney diseases. In comparison to insulin, these medications, they can be dosed once a week and are associated with lower incidence of hypoglycemia. They're also associated with reduced dependence on insulin. This program was need of the hour because despite the noted potential of these medications, use was only noted to be only 3 to 10% from 2015 to 2019. Several studies, they have suggested reduced use of these medications in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which suggests the need of the higher utilization of these medications in patients with type 2 diabetes who are at risk of ASCBD or already have it. In this program, we want to focus on application of motivational interview techniques to effectively engage patients in their diabetes management development and implementation of personalized educational strategies tailored to individual patient needs and utilize various methods to monitor and improve medication adherence amongst patients with type 2 diabetes. We want to talk about how to employ latest diabetes management guidelines using GLP-1 medications to manage the diabetes. We also want to talk about mechanism of actions, dosing optimization, administration, glycemic and extraglycemic benefits, safety and tolerability, and their place in therapy. We will also talk about identifying and overcoming barriers contributing to therapeutic inertia and medication reluctance through patient-centered communication and decision-making process. These medications, they mimic the action of a hormone called glucagon-like peptide that is secreted by L-cells of the small intestine. They act on the beta cells of pancreas. They help to stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release. Due to their actions in satiety centers and hypothalamus, they also reduce food cravings and induce early satiety. There is reduction in GI motility because of their actions on vagal receptors in the stomach and intestines, but this is usually considered as a transient effect. The best part is that these medications, they can be taken either weekly or daily. Although these medications are currently being used for management of diabetes and weight loss, but we do see significant improvement in blood pressures, lipid panels, incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events. This was noted in early studies which looked at cardiovascular benefits with this class of medications, but recent studies, they have looked at reduced progression of kidney disease and albuminuria as well. Although the mechanism of action on kidney progression or kidney disease progression is still not entirely clear, but benefits were noted to be extremely significant. Increased sodium excretion and diuresis not only help in improvement of blood pressure, but they also help in improvement of vascular inflammation and elasticity. In recent trials of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, also known as twin cretins, they are suggestive of improvements in metabolic dysfunction associated hepatic steatosis. These effects are particularly beneficial in these times where we see staggering rates of obesity and uncontrolled diabetes. As more and more data is being evaluated, role of this class of medications is noted to be associated with significant improvement in cardiovascular parameters, even if no obesity or diabetes is involved. From here onwards, I'll let Dr. Diana Isaacs talk about further benefits related to GLP-1 class of medications. Thank you.

GLP-1 medications

diabetes management

cardiovascular health

motivational interviewing

personalized education