AACE MENA 2025-Contemporary Management of Graves’ Disease

Video Transcription

Video Summary

Dr. Tamer’s presentation on Graves' disease management highlighted current trends, emphasizing antithyroid drugs (ATDs), particularly methimazole, as the preferred first-line treatment over radioactive iodine and surgery. Graves’ disease, an autoimmune hyperthyroidism caused by TSH receptor antibodies, commonly affects women and may cause thyroid eye disease. Diagnosis involves suppressed TSH and elevated T3/T4, with antibody testing aiding confirmation. Recent surveys show a global shift away from radioactive iodine toward ATDs, with long-term methimazole use reducing relapse risk. Radioactive iodine use is reserved for specific cases without active orbitopathy or nodules. Patient choice and clinical specifics guide treatment decisions. Management of thyroid eye disease varies by severity, involving selenium, corticosteroids, or new biologics like teprotumumab. Future therapies aim at the disease’s immune pathogenesis, including targeted biological agents. Dr. Tamer stressed personalized, multidisciplinary care with patient education to optimize outcomes, moving towards precision medicine and remission without gland ablation.

Keywords

Graves' disease

antithyroid drugs

methimazole

radioactive iodine

thyroid eye disease

precision medicine